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托馬斯.哈代《還鄉(xiāng)》中“愛(ài)格敦荒原”的象征意義
畢業(yè)論文
Abstract
The Return of the Native is one of Thomas Hardy’s “Novels of Character and Environment”. This paper mainly deals with the conflict between the main character in the novel and the “Environment”—Egdon Heath, especially the conflict between Eustacia and the Heath. The Heath as a physical object is described as “inviolate”, untouchable and unalterable by man; as a symbol it is highly flexible: it becomes what the various characters want to make of it. It is ugly for Eustacia, beautiful for Clym, comforting for Thomasin, and home for Venn. And it is described differently by the narrator at different times, depending on the perspective of the character being focused on. Besides, Egdon Heath itself is the oldest character. In The Return, Eustacia hates the Heath and want to escape from it; Clym wants to change it; while Thomasin and Venn are faithful to it; but for Mrs. Yeobright, she neither loves it nor hates it, she is like a denizen. Whoever you are, if you want to rebel against the Heath, more or less, you will get punishment; on the contrary, you will be happy on the Heath. In brief, the paper chiefly reveals the theme: those who rebel against the nature will be lost.
Key words: Egdon Heath; character; environment; symbolism; punishment
摘 要
《還鄉(xiāng)》是托馬斯•哈代的“人物與環(huán)境小說(shuō)”之1。本文主要是評(píng)論小說(shuō)中的主要人物與環(huán)境“愛(ài)格敦荒原”之間的沖突，尤其是游臺(tái)莎與荒原間的沖突。作為實(shí)物，荒原被人們描寫(xiě)成“未受侵犯的”，不可觸摸的和不變的；作為象征，它是多變的：對(duì)不同的小說(shuō)人物而言，它有不同的象征意義。對(duì)游臺(tái)莎，荒原是邪惡的；對(duì)克林，荒原是美好的；對(duì)托瑪沁，荒原是1個(gè)安慰的地方；對(duì)維恩，荒原是家。根據(jù)小說(shuō)人物對(duì)特定場(chǎng)景的需要，作者在不同的時(shí)間里描寫(xiě)符合人物性格的不同的景色。同時(shí)，愛(ài)格敦荒原本身就是最古老的人物。在《還鄉(xiāng)》中，游臺(tái)莎憎恨荒原并且想逃離荒原；克林想改變荒原；而托瑪沁和維恩則對(duì)它很忠誠(chéng)；對(duì)約布賴特太太來(lái)說(shuō)，她既不愛(ài)它也不恨它，她就象外來(lái)者，與荒原格格不入。不論是誰(shuí)，只要他們想反抗荒原，他們，或多或少，會(huì)得到懲罰；反之，他們會(huì)有幸福的生活。簡(jiǎn)而言之，誰(shuí)背叛自然誰(shuí)將會(huì)迷失。
關(guān)鍵詞：愛(ài)格敦荒原；人物；環(huán)境；象征；懲罰
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