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英語翻譯十二式
（一) 同義反譯法
例子：
1、Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒有走。(不譯：還“留著”或“還呆在那里”)
2、I’ll be here for good this time.
這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：“永遠(yuǎn)在此呆下去”)
3、Please keep the fire burning when I’m out.
我不在家的時(shí)候，請別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：“我外出時(shí)，請讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著”)
4、"Wait, he is serious."
等等，他不是說著玩兒的。(不譯：等等，他是認(rèn)真的。)
5、"Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
聽我說，克拉拉，對這孩子可不能心軟。(不譯：……對這孩子要堅(jiān)定)
(二) 刪減解釋詞
例子：
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看見那些黑白混血的女郎，準(zhǔn)定會注意到她們十之八九都賦有那種獨(dú)特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、的那種柔和的聲調(diào)和文靜的舉止。
(三) 短句拆譯
例子：
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗，……
(四)譯詞推陳出新
例子：
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.
原譯：當(dāng)他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、的顧慮和躊躇。
改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時(shí)候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。
原詞 原譯 改譯
when 當(dāng)……的時(shí)候 等到……的時(shí)候
act with boldness 大膽行動(dòng) 放膽去追求
a lover 一個(gè)情人 一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 種種常有的提心吊膽的心理
in addition to 除了……之外 那就更是難免的了
(五) 解釋性添詞
例子：
"George, I’m ashamed of you! George, I couldn’t have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
喬治，我真替你害臊！喬治，想不到你會干出這種事情來！俗話說得好：“滾著的碌碡不長苔，流浪的漢子不攢財(cái)。”我早曉得你就是這么一個(gè)流浪漢！可真沒有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過活的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)財(cái)也騙走，貝格納特太太說道。
(六) 詞無定譯
例子：
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions.
我們根本不必追問政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對政府進(jìn)行弓一次巨大的詐騙。
(七) 精煉譯詞
例子：
A new dignity crept into his walk.
原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時(shí)候開始給人一種莊重的印象。
改譯：走起路來，不覺平添了幾分尊嚴(yán)。
(八) 刪削"When"字
例子
1、 When he saw me, he was startled.
他看見我，嚇了一大跳，(不譯：當(dāng)他看見我的時(shí)候，……)
2、"When your gals takes on and cry, what’s the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?"
你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒頭沒腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來，那有甚么用呢？(不譯：當(dāng)你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時(shí)候，你還拿鞭子……
(九) 感嘆詞的不同譯法
例子：
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his supposed conditon.
要是一個(gè)英國女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么爛醉，/ 她就會對他又惱怒，又厭惡，/ 而挪拉對他卻又同情又寬容，/ 他在這中間看出了一點(diǎn)神圣的品質(zhì)。
(十) 順拆法
例子：
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic factors.
原譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任關(guān)于該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)為更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見。
改譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任的意見，/認(rèn)為該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)努力，/ 以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。
(十一) 倒拆法
例子：
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his supposed conditon.
要是一個(gè)英國女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么爛醉，/ 她就會對他又惱怒，又厭惡，/ 而挪拉對他卻又同情又寬容，/ 他在這中間看出了一點(diǎn)神圣的質(zhì)量。
(十二) 抽詞拆句法
例子：
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
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