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職場雙語：如果金融界由女人來掌管
Fess up, fellows: The masters of the universe have turned out to be masters of disaster. No matter which aspect of the financial crisis you consider, there is a man behind it.
大伙兒說實話吧，男人自以為是宇宙的主宰，結果卻成了災難的源頭。無論從哪個角度來看這次的金融危機，背后都有一個男人是罪魁禍首。
So, it is worth pointing out how different things might be if the financial world were female.
所以我們有必要指出，如果金融界由女人來掌管的話，情況應該會有所不同。
Finance professors Brad Barber and Terrance Odean have found that women's risk-adjusted returns beat those of men by an average of about one percentage point annually. In short, women trade less frequently, hold less volatile portfolios and expect lower returns than men do.
金融學教授布萊德·巴伯(Brad Barber)和特倫斯·奧丁(Terrance Odean)發現，女人的年投資回報率（經風險因素調整后）比男人平均高于約一個百分點。總結來看，女人的交易頻率更低，持有組合的波動性更低，對回報率的心理預期也比男人低。
On the other hand, in the testosterone-poisoned sandbox of the male investor, the most important thing is beating the other guy; the second most important: bragging about it. The long term is somebody else's problem, and asking for advice is an admission of inferiority. Worrying about risk is for sissies. Leverage is good, since it raises returns -- while the market goes up. Is it any wonder the male-dominated world of Wall Street has boomed and busted every few years for more than two centuries?
從另一方面來看，在男性荷爾蒙旺盛的老爺們兒唱主角的投資界，最重要的事情是打敗其他的男人，第二重要的事情是炫耀自己的勝利。至于長期回報率，則是別人的問題。向別人請教等于承認自己的無能，擔心投資風險顯得娘娘腔。杠桿很好，因為當市場上漲的時候它能提高回報率。因此，兩個多世紀以來，男人唱主角的華爾街市場每隔幾年就會經歷一次繁榮和隨后的泡沫破滅，一點也不足以為奇。
Women, by contrast, put safety first. Even after controlling for age, income and marital status, women are more inclined than men to wear seat belts, avoid cigarette smoking, floss and brush their teeth and get their blood pressure checked. They even have been shown to be 40% less prone than men to run yellow traffic lights.
與此相反的是，女人總是把安全放在第一位。即使經過年齡、收入水平和婚姻狀況的篩選后，女性仍比男性更習慣于開車系安全帶、避免吸煙、經常刷牙和定期檢查血壓，女人黃燈搶行的幾率甚至都要比男人低40%。
Women are less afflicted than men by overconfidence, or the delusion that they know more than they really do. And they're more likely than men to attribute success to factors outside themselves, like luck or fate.
女性不像男人那樣，容易被過度的自信所控制，也不容易陷于以為自己無所不能的幻覺之中，女性更可能把自己的成功歸因于外界因素，比如運氣或命運。
In 2001, a survey of financial analysts and investment advisers found that women felt it was much more important than men did to avoid incurring large losses, falling below a target rate of return and acting on incomplete information. In short, women are more risk-averse than men. And they shy away from uncertainty: Asked whether having ambiguous information would reduce their confidence and raise their perception of risk, 92% of the women said yes, versus just 69% of the men.
2001年，對金融分析師和投資顧問的一項調查發現，女人在避免重大投資損失、避免低于目標回報率和避免信息不全就貿然從事等方面要比男人強得多。簡而言之，女性比男性更厭惡風險，對不確定性更為謹慎。當被問及含糊不清的信息是否會降低其投資信心并提升風險意識時，92%的女性給予肯定答復，而男性說是的只有69%。
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