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英語(yǔ)演講技巧淺談
演講也是有技巧的，那么有哪些技巧呢，下面yjbys就為您一一揭曉，演講有困難的朋友們趕快來(lái)看看吧!
演講的四個(gè)目標(biāo)：
l 提供信息 To offer information;
l 使聽(tīng)眾感到樂(lè)趣
To entertain the audience;
l 動(dòng)之以情
To touch emotions;
l 使聽(tīng)眾行動(dòng)起來(lái)
To move to action;
演講切忌
1. 語(yǔ)速太快; Talking too rapidly;
2. 聲音單調(diào); Speaking in monotone;
3. 聲音尖細(xì); Using too high a vocal pitch;
4. 談得太多，說(shuō)得太少;
Talking and not saying much;
5. 感情不充分;
Presenting without enough emotion or passion;
6. 對(duì)觀眾采取一種居高臨下的姿態(tài);
Talking down to the audience;
7. 夸張的詞語(yǔ)使用得太多;
Using too many "big" words;
8. 使用抽象概念而不給出事例加以說(shuō)明;
Using abstractions without giving concrete examples
9. 使用別人不熟悉的技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ);
Using unfamiliar technical jargon;
10. 使用俚語(yǔ)或粗俗語(yǔ);
Using slang or profanity;
11. 演講無(wú)組織，散亂無(wú)序;
Disorganized and rambling performance;
12. 說(shuō)話繞彎子，不切中主題
Indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush;
怎樣與聽(tīng)眾交流
l 要有值得交流的觀點(diǎn);
A message worth communicating;
l 引起聽(tīng)眾的注意:抓住他們的興趣并贏得信任;
Gain the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;
l 重視理解;
Emphasize understanding;
l 獲得反饋;
Obtain their feedback;
l 注意聲調(diào)，要有感情;
Watch your emotional tone;
l 說(shuō)服聽(tīng)眾;
Persuade the audience;
怎樣變得自信
l 微笑并看著觀眾
Smile and glance at the audience;
l 開(kāi)始發(fā)言時(shí)要慢一點(diǎn)，身體保持昂首挺胸的姿態(tài)
Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;
l 開(kāi)場(chǎng)白說(shuō)一些真誠(chéng)話
Open your speech by saying something very frankly;
l 穿上自己最好的衣服
Wear your very best clothes;
l 對(duì)自己說(shuō)一些積極的話
Say something positive to / about yourself
怎樣組織演講
l 要有一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):可以分一二三點(diǎn);可以從地理上分東南西北;比較與對(duì)比;我方與他方;正面與反面;
To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
l 將材料歸類整理，如笑話、趣事、名人名言、有趣的數(shù)據(jù)
To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
l 使用卡片;
To use note cards;
怎樣使用卡片
l 在卡片的右上角標(biāo)上數(shù)字;
Number your cards on the top right;
l 在第一張和最后一張上寫(xiě)上完整的句子;
l Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card;
l 其他卡片上最多只能寫(xiě)五個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞;
l Write up to five key words on other cards;
l 用顏色來(lái)標(biāo)記你想強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞;
l Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
l 在某一處提醒自己查看時(shí)間。
l Remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time.
演講指南
l 預(yù)先計(jì)劃好
Plan well in advance.
l 保證自己充分了解在活動(dòng)中的角色
Make sure you fully understand your role in the program.
l 認(rèn)真地構(gòu)思演講，使其結(jié)構(gòu)符合邏輯
Devote care to structuring your speech logically.
l 認(rèn)真設(shè)定適當(dāng)?shù)幕{(diào)
Devote care to setting the proper tone.
如何開(kāi)頭
l 講個(gè)(自己的)故事
To tell a story (about yourself).
l 對(duì)大家能夠聚在一起表示感謝
To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering.
l 稱贊一下聽(tīng)眾
To pay the listeners a compliment.
l 引用名人名言
To quote
l 使用一些不平常的數(shù)據(jù)
To use unusual statistics.
l 問(wèn)觀眾一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題
To ask the audience a challenging question;
l 播放錄像帶或看幻燈片
To show a video or a slide.
如何結(jié)尾
l 重復(fù)你的開(kāi)頭
To repeat your opening.
l 概括你的演講
To summarize your presentation.
l 以趣事結(jié)尾
To close with an anecdote.
l 以號(hào)召行動(dòng)結(jié)尾
To end with a call to action.
l 以反問(wèn)結(jié)尾
To ask a rhetorical question.
l 以一個(gè)陳述句結(jié)尾
To make a statement.
l 展示演講大綱
To show an outline of your presentation.
如何眼神交流
l 眼睛慢慢地從一個(gè)移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)人，在每一個(gè)人身上停留兩到三秒鐘時(shí)間;
Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;
l 眼睛直視聽(tīng)眾，或看著他們的鼻梁或下巴
Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;
l 找到那些看起來(lái)比較友善的聽(tīng)眾，逐次朝他們微笑;然后目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)向那些有些懷疑的聽(tīng)眾，也逐漸朝他們微笑;
Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;
l 如果你感到緊張，不妨想象聽(tīng)眾都穿著浴衣的樣子。
Imagine the audience in bathrobes in case you are nervous.
緊張的典型特征
l 手放在口袋里
Hands in pockets
l 眨眼次數(shù)過(guò)多
Increased blinking of the eyes ;
l 害怕眼神的接觸
Failure to make eye contact;
l 舔嘴唇和抿嘴唇
Licking and biting of the lips ;
l 敲叩手指
Finger tapping ;
l 手勢(shì)又急又快
Fast, jerky gestures
如何使用手勢(shì)
l 手可以指點(diǎn)著假想的物體，不要用食指指著別人;
Point at imaginary objects and don't point at others with your index finger;
l 尺寸的大小和數(shù)量的多少也可以通過(guò)兩手的擴(kuò)張和收縮來(lái)演示
Size or quantity can also easily be shown by expanding or contracting the hands;
l 手抬起并與頭成四十五度角，優(yōu)雅地用手勢(shì)表示出數(shù)字
Gracefully show your audience the appropriate number of fingers by holding your hands at a 45 degree angle from your head;
l 如果想要強(qiáng)調(diào)長(zhǎng)度尺寸的大小，將兩手伸向前方，盡量分開(kāi)，并上下移動(dòng)。
To emphasize physical size such as length, width, hold your hands out in front you widely apart to move them up and down.
小結(jié)：
(1)know your topic(知道你要講什么題目)。
(2)know your audience(了解你的聽(tīng)眾)。
(3)know your start and stop times，as well as who else is on(知道你開(kāi)始和停止的時(shí)間以及除你之外還有誰(shuí)要講話)。
(4)know what you want people to do differently and tell them(對(duì)你所說(shuō)的和人們所做的有什么不同，心中要有數(shù)，并讓聽(tīng)眾知道)。
(5)make major points.(寫(xiě)下你的講話要點(diǎn))。
(6)check all your equipment，sound，lighting and seating arrangements.(檢查你的器材、音響、燈光和座位)。
(7)ask someone you trust and respect to constructively critique you.(請(qǐng)一個(gè)你所信任和尊敬的人對(duì)你的講稿提出建設(shè)性的批評(píng)和意見(jiàn))。
(8)relax before you go on.(演講前要放松) 。
(9)practise，practise，practise.(練習(xí)、練習(xí)，再練習(xí))。
(10)remember that even if you miss a bit or forget a couple of lines，nobody knows except you.(記住即或你漏掉一點(diǎn)或忘掉幾行，除了你自己，別人是不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的)。
(11)omit telling jokes unless you are already a good joke-teller or plan to get better.(收起你想講的笑話，除非你已經(jīng)擅長(zhǎng)講笑話或者計(jì)劃在這方面有所提高)。
(12)have fun(要有趣味)。
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