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2017年MBA英語翻譯的方法
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一、定語從句翻譯法
1)合譯法:把定語從句放在被修飾的詞語之前，從而將英語復(fù)合句翻譯成漢語單句。
Eg:
Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive U.S. aid.國會公布了關(guān)于接受美國援助的105個國家的人權(quán)情況調(diào)查報告。
2)分譯法:根據(jù)定語從句的不同情況，我們可以將其翻譯成并列分句、其它從句或獨(dú)立句等。
Eg:
Anyone who stops absorbing new knowledge is certain to lag behind.任何人如果停止吸取新知識，就肯定會落后。(譯為條件狀語從句)
The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats.罷工會使遠(yuǎn)洋航船不能靠岸，因為他們需要拖船的幫助。(譯成原因狀語從句)
A geological prospecting engineer who had made a spectral analysis of ores discovered a new open-cut coalmine.一位地質(zhì)勘探工程師對光譜進(jìn)行了分析之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的露天煤礦。(譯為時間狀語結(jié)構(gòu))
The delivery of public services has tended to be an area where we decorate an obsolete process with technology.公共服務(wù)的提供方式已趨陳舊，這正是我們必須采用技術(shù)加以裝備的領(lǐng)域。(譯為并列分句)
We now live in a very new economy, a service economy, where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.現(xiàn)在我們正生活于一種全新的經(jīng)濟(jì)，即服務(wù)性經(jīng)濟(jì)中，各種關(guān)系越來越比物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品更為重要。(譯為并列分句)
二、主語從句翻譯法
1)以that, what, who, where, whatever等代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以將從句翻譯成“的”字結(jié)構(gòu)。
Eg:
It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科學(xué)技術(shù)搞上去。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.凡是犯法的人都要受到法律的制裁。(主語從句與主句合譯成簡單句，按順序譯出)
2)也可以譯成“主-謂-賓”結(jié)構(gòu),從句本身做句子的主語，其余部分按原文順序譯出。
Eg:
Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之)often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.政府究竟是以犧牲對技術(shù)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入來增加對純理論科學(xué)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入，還是相反，這往往取決于把哪一方看作是驅(qū)動的力量。
3)分譯法:把原來的狀語從句從整體結(jié)構(gòu)中分離出來,譯成另一個相對獨(dú)立得單句。
Eg:
It has been rightly stated that this situation is a threat to international security.這個局勢對國際安全是個威脅，這樣的說法是完全正確的。(It是形式主語，that this situation is a threat to international security是真正的賓語)
三、反譯法
一個問題有時可以從不同的角度來解釋說明。有些句子英語是從正面說的，漢語可以從反面來解釋。
1)否定譯成肯定。
Eg:
I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last performance.每一次經(jīng)過那家劇院，我都會想起他的最后一次演出。
Eg:
Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美國公民科盲日益嚴(yán)重，這種調(diào)查報告幾乎月月都有。(雙重否定)
2)肯定譯成否定。
Eg:
Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不挨餓的權(quán)利。
Eg:
This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.這種困境將是確定無疑的，[來源：考研加油綻]因為能源的匱乏使農(nóng)業(yè)無法以高能量消耗、投入少數(shù)農(nóng)民就可能獲得高產(chǎn)的美國耕種方式繼續(xù)下去了。
Eg:
The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試作為抨擊目標(biāo)是錯誤的，因為在抨擊這類測試時，批評者不考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)。
幾種特殊否定句式的翻譯法
“no more…than翻譯成漢語“和……一樣不”
Eg:
The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.臟和胃一樣不能思維，都受大腦支配。
Eg:
There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.他們沒有理由限定你吃多少維生素，就如同他們不能限定你喝多少水一樣。
“not so much …as”翻譯成“與其說……，不如說……”
Eg:
It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game.與其說他輸了比賽是多次被擊中，不如說是自己缺乏斗志。
Eg:
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史研究中各個具體領(lǐng)域使用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。
Eg:
He is the last person I want to see in the world.他是這個世界上我最不愿意見到的人。
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